Barium | |
---|---|
Identification | |
Symbol |
Ba
|
Block |
s - Block
|
Group |
2
|
Period |
6
|
Atomic Information | |
Atomic Number |
56
|
Atomic Radius |
0.135 (ionic) pm
|
Mass |
137.327 g/mol
|
Category |
Alkaline earth Metal
|
Standard state(298 K) |
Solid
|
Electronic Configuration |
[Xe] 6s2
|
Electronegativity (Pauling) |
0.89
|
Could not retrieve
| |
First ionisation energy |
502.9 kJ mol‑1
|
Physical Properties | |
Color |
Silvery white
|
Melting Point |
1000 K
|
Boiling Point |
2143 K
|
Density of solid |
3510 kg m-3
|
Could not retrieve
| |
Heat Properties | |
Enthalpy of fusion |
8.0 kJ mol-1
|
Enthalpy of atomisation |
182 kJ mol-1
|
Enthalpy of vaporisation |
140 kJ mol-1
|
4 Be |
12 Mg |
20 Ca |
38 Sr |
56 Ba |
88 Ra |
Barium is a soft, very reactive metallic element and is the fifth element in Group 2 of the periodic table i.e. alkaline earth elements. Barium, when pure, is silvery white like lead. The metal oxidises very easily and it reacts with water or alcohol. Barium salts impart Apple-green colour to flames. Metallic barium is very reactive with air and water, and serves in vacuum tubes and pipes to remove unwanted gases, suppressing high pressures and preventing blowouts. The element is used in metallurgy, and its compounds are used in pyrotechnics, petroleum production, and radiology. Barium is eighteenth in abundance in the Earth's crust, where it is found to the extent of 0.04%, making it intermediate in amount between calcium and strontium, the other alkaline-earth metals.
1 H |
2 He | ||||||||||||||||
3 Li |
4 Be |
5 B |
6 C |
7 N |
8 O |
9 F |
10 Ne | ||||||||||
11 Na |
12 Mg |
13 Al |
14 Si |
15 P |
16 S |
17 Cl |
18 Ar | ||||||||||
19 K |
20 Ca |
21 Sc |
22 Ti |
23 V |
24 Cr |
25 Mn |
26 Fe |
27 Co |
28 Ni |
29 Cu |
30 Zn |
31 Ga |
32 Ge |
33 As |
34 Se |
35 Br |
36 Kr |
37 Rb |
38 Sr |
39 Y |
40 Zr |
41 Nb |
42 Mo |
43 Tc |
44 Ru |
45 Rh |
46 Pd |
47 Ag |
48 Cd |
49 In |
50 Sn |
51 Sb |
52 Te |
53 I |
54 Xe |
55 Cs |
56 Ba |
* | 72 Hf |
73 Ta |
74 W |
75 Re |
76 Os |
77 Ir |
78 Pt |
79 Au |
80 Hg |
81 Tl |
82 Pb |
83 Bi |
84 Po |
85 At |
86 Rn |
87 Fr |
88 Ra |
** | 104 Rf |
105 Db |
106 Sg |
107 Bh |
108 Hs |
109 Mt |
110 Ds |
111 Rg |
112 Cn |
113 Nh |
114 Fl |
115 Mc |
116 Lv |
117 Ts |
118 Og |
119 Uue |
120 Ubn |
*** | 158 Ups |
159 Upo |
160 Upe |
161 Uhn |
* | 57 La |
58 Ce |
59 Pr |
60 Nd |
61 Pm |
62 Sm |
63 Eu |
64 Gd |
65 Tb |
66 Dy |
67 Ho |
68 Er |
69 Tm |
70 Yb |
71 Lu |
** | 89 Ac |
90 Th |
91 Pa |
92 U |
93 Np |
94 Pu |
95 Am |
96 Cm |
97 Bk |
98 Cf |
99 Es |
100 Fm |
101 Md |
102 No |
103 Lr |